tion
             Affirmative action policies take a huge variety of shapes, ranging
             from making enrolling efforts in ethnic communities to authorizing a
             precise number of positions be set out-of-the-way for minorities. The
             diverse kinds of affirmative action are, from time to time, thought of as
             engaging one of two rough categories. The first can be designated weak
             affirmative action. Louis P. Pojman defines weak affirmative action as the
             utilization of "such measures as the elimination of segregation, widespread
             advertisement to groups not previously represented in certain privileged
             positions, special scholarships for the disadvantaged classes (e.g., all
             the poor), using under representation or a history of past discrimination
             as a tie breaker when candidates are relatively equal, and the like (Loius,
             1992)." This observation emphasizes equal opportunity, an opportunity to
             contend devoid of inappropriate characteristics being taken into
             contemplation. The emphasis is not on equal consequences. For instance, a
             college admissions officer ought to in every case, apart from conceivably
             in the case of a tie, disregard the race or gender of the applicant; the
             candidate ought to be considered on the basis of his or her credentials. If
             this results in a specific profession having an uneven number of a certain
             group in contrast to the proportion of the wide-ranging population (e.g.,
             95% of the students are white, at the same time as, only 78% of the general
             population is white), the outcome is not unjust in view of the fact that
             everyone was given an equal opportunity to stand out.
             Conversely, strong affirmative action "involves more positive steps
             to eliminate past injustice, such as reverse discrimination, hiring
             candidates on the basis of race or gender in order to reach equal or near
             equal res...