pre-hospital emergency care,
combination of CPR with another component of emergency treatment, also
in Maryland, at Baltimore's University of Maryland Shock Trauma Center,
revolutionized the future direction of acute care of patients battling life-
R. Adams Cowley, a Maryland emergency medicine physician, established
first clinical shock trauma unit in the country at the same time that Dr.
engaged in his research into the relative efficacy of mouth-to-mouth
compared to raised arm techniques. Within a decade, the unit that Cowley
with just two beds had expanded into a five-story, thirty-two-bed Center
Specifically, Baltimore's Shock Trauma facility was built around the
that Crowley identified in his research, which he called the Golden Hour,
the first sixty minutes of medical crises, when management of acute shock
identified by Cowley to be the single most important determinant of the
survivability of cardiac arrest and other life-threatening medical
According to Cowley, shock is actually part of the process of dying,
quickly managing and reversing the elements of this particular biological
necessarily, the focus of effective treatment of acute medical emergencies.
end, Cowley specifically organized the Shock Trauma C
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