ly unit. Head of family was the all but supreme ruler of his own living family. The sense of family, though, was broadened to include not only present members, but also the dead as well as future generations. Arguably, this concept of the family encouraged the conservation of traditions and a sense of continuity.
             Confucianism relies significantly on the concept of deliberate tradition. The concept of deliberate tradition is comprised of five components: Jen,Chun tzu, Li, Te, and Wen. Jen refers to love and human-heartedness; it is the virtue of virtues, according to Confucius. Jen involves simultaneously a feeling of humanity toward others and respect for oneself; an indivisible sense of the dignity of human life where ever it appears. The principle of Chun tzu entails maturity and generosity of spirit. People faithful to this principle treat others in a gracious and benevolent manner. The principle of Li connotes propriety; the way things should be done. Additionally, life should be lived according the Doctrine of the Mean, balanced between extremes. Most importantly, citizens should live their lives consistent with the Five Constant Relationships: parent and child, husband and wife, elder sibling and junior sibling, elder friend and junior friend, and ruler and subject. These five relationships constitute the foundation of Confucianism. Te means power and connotes governmental rule through cooperation of the citizenry. Therefore, citizens need to have confidence in their government. The principle of Wen connotes "the arts of peace;" the esthetic elements of culture. Confucius believed that art had the power to transform human nature in the direction of virtue by ennobling the human "heart "
             Confucius also wrote the Analects in order to guide and encourage Chinese citizens to conform to his philosophy. The Analects are pithy sayings describing proper behavior. For example, "The true gentleman is friendly but not familiar; the inf...