er was on the throne in the north of France."[xiv] However,
             the Duke was the supreme ruler "within the confines of his own duchy."[xv]
             Louis was angered by the fact that his wife not only despised him,
             but also willingly "gave herself to one of his vassals lords. He dedicated
             himself from that time forward to revenging himself on Henry."[xvi]
             Duke Henry invaded England in an attempt to capture King Stephen's
             throne in 1153. After a few small, bloodless skirmishes, Stephen and Henry
             came to an agreement in which Henry was named successor to the throne
             "before the clergy and nobles of England, and in January 1154 all the
             nobles of England were summoned to meet at oxford where they swore fealty
             to Henry, saving the honor due the King while he lived."[xvii] When King
             Stephen died in October 1154, Henry was summoned to England to claim the
             ...