t ecofeminism is currently greatly divided.
She reviews the current dichotomy in ecofeminism that exists between the
essentialist and anti-essentialist points of view. Sturgeon notes that the
essentialist point of view emphasizes the importance of gender oppression
as the most fundamental form of oppression, while all other forms of
oppression are less central and essentially dependent upon gender
oppression. In contrast, the anti-essentialist point of view argues that
gender oppression is not necessarily the most basic of forms of oppression.
This point of view suggests that "male-centered (andocentric) and human-
centered (anthropocentric) thinking have some common characteristics, such
as dualism' and the logic of domination', which are also manifested in
the oppressions of many other social groups, and that in being facilitated
by a common ideological structure, diverse forms of oppression often
(Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). In other words, this point of view
argues that while gender oppression and other forms of oppression
(including environmental) are related, gender oppression is not necessarily
the root cause of other forms of oppression.
Criticism of the essentialist point of view argues that this point of
view wrongly minimizes the significance of oppression based on other
factors such as race, sexuality, class, ethnicity, and religion.
...