Ecofeminism Movement

t ecofeminism is currently greatly divided.
             She reviews the current dichotomy in ecofeminism that exists between the
             essentialist and anti-essentialist points of view. Sturgeon notes that the
             essentialist point of view emphasizes the importance of gender oppression
             as the most fundamental form of oppression, while all other forms of
             oppression are less central and essentially dependent upon gender
             oppression. In contrast, the anti-essentialist point of view argues that
             gender oppression is not necessarily the most basic of forms of oppression.
             This point of view suggests that "male-centered (andocentric) and human-
             centered (anthropocentric) thinking have some common characteristics, such
             as dualism' and the logic of domination', which are also manifested in
             the oppressions of many other social groups, and that in being facilitated
             by a common ideological structure, diverse forms of oppression often
             (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). In other words, this point of view
             argues that while gender oppression and other forms of oppression
             (including environmental) are related, gender oppression is not necessarily
             the root cause of other forms of oppression.
             Criticism of the essentialist point of view argues that this point of
             view wrongly minimizes the significance of oppression based on other
             factors such as race, sexuality, class, ethnicity, and religion.
             ...

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