the lowest in South America. Further, the country's population
density is among the entire continent's lowest; however, certain
regions of the country are heavily populated (including the Humid
Pampa, Mesopotamia, and parts of the eastern Northwest).
Urban areas are experiencing faster growth (particularly Buenos Aires)
than the rest of the country, and today, almost 90 percent of the
people live in urban areas, with about a third living in greater Buenos Aires
alone (Eidt & Calvert 2004). The population of Argentina in July 2001
was estimated at 37,384,816 (Argentina 2004).
Unlike the rest of the continent to the north
(which lies within the tropics), Argentina lies almost completely within
the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere. As a result, the country
enjoys excellent weather, with tropical air masses only occasionally
invading the provinces of Formosa and Misiones in the extreme north of the
country. The southern extremes of Argentina (which extend to 55 S) also
enjoy predominantly temperate conditions, rather than the cold continental
climate of comparable latitudes in North America. Because of its narrowing
shape, the South American weather patterns are moderated by the Pacific and
Atlantic oceans, and average monthly temperatures remain above freezing
even during the winter months; the temperate climate, however, is
interrupted by a long, narrow north-south band of semiarid to arid
conditions and by tundra and polar conditions in the high Andes and in
southern portions of Tierra del Fuego (Eidt & Calvert 2004).
Historical Development. This history of Argentina, like many of its
Latin American neighbors, has been characterized by "caudillo figures" (or
a strong leader) who frequently came from the military, who dominated the
nation, usually until he was deposed or died (Dostert 1998). According to
Wynia (1992), "Argentine oligarchs were a powerful lot, wh...