etic principle describes a progression through certain
psychosocial stages. The names of the stages are represented by the two
extremes of responses to the stages' crises: for example, intimacy or
isolation. The response to each stage can be either healthy or unhealthy.
An unhealthy tendency in one stage will adversely affect progress through
subsequent stages, so if a teenager doesn't resolve an identity crisis,
this can impact upon intimacy in the future.
Just as humans evolve through the various stages according to the
epigenetic principle, so too do the values they adopt evolve with the
In the first stage, as an infant learns to trust, the human value
that develops the most in this life stage is one of hope. A baby is fac
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