heory of special relativity.
             The second idea is perhaps the most important concept and is an idea that must be maintained to fully understand the ideas of special relativity. Light is always traveling at 3x108 m/s; this will not change no matter at what speed the observer or source is moving at. The idea of light's finite velocity directly violates the ideas of Newtonian physics. If light is traveling towards you at 3x108 m/s and you head towards the light at 1.5x108 m/s, according to Newtonian physics you would see the light as traveling 4.5x108 m/s towards you. However, this does not occur; instead, no matter what speed you are traveling light always progresses at 3x108 m/s. This postulate of Einstein's theory was actually proven eight years earlier in 1887 by Michelson and Morley. Their measurements of light found that as the Earth revolved around the sun, its motion had no affect on the speed of light.
             According to the special theory of relativity, no object can be referred to as an absolute reference point of motion. All motion can only be measured in reference to the immediate surroundings. Thus if two observers stand in different reference frames to the same event; their view on that event will differ. A train is moving at constant velocity down the train tracks. Harry, a passenger on the train cannot feel the vibration of the train. In addition Harry cannot see anything outside because it is pitch-black night. His train passes Liz, who is in a lighted room on another train that is not in motion. However, because Harry cannot determine whether his train is in motion, he assumes that his train is stopped and that it is Liz's train that is in motion, because from his reference frame Liz is the one who moved past him. Liz on the other hand disagrees and believes instead that it was Harry's train that was in motion and her train was stopped.
             From the two postulates above, Einstein deri...