their lifetime," and that "doctors continue to learn about why women are more affected by depression than men,"although there are some common symptoms in men and women." ("Depression in Women: Information from your family doctor, 2002, The American Family Physician) Additionally, while four times as many men as women die by suicide, women attempt suicide two to three times as often as men." (Depression in Women, 2003, National Women's Health Report)
             Women, because of sociological and cultural reasons, may be encouraged and socialized to engage in negative thinking more than men, exacerbating the type of psychological thinking tht contributes to depression. Depression is largely caused by irrational beliefs that lead to the experience of worthlessness, such as a self-fulfilling phrophesy of failure. Depressives often rate themselves as being less competant than their peers, based on some of their behaviors, or on their inability to achieve certain goals. Sociologists call this type of thinking a "mark of oppression" because it reflects quite often the psychological damage created by experiences of oppression. (Furman & Bender, 2003)
             Also, while demands and pressures of everyday life are stressful for both men and women, "gender can also play a key role. A new study from the University of Missouri-Columbia identifies factors causing female faculty in higher education
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