truly comprehend the mindsets of their subjects from the past because they are beholden to their modern-day mindsets. This has to be noted and respected, for if it is not, the history writer will end up "doing history backwards."
             The fourth is the epochal fallacy whereby chronological periods are rigidly solidified, leaving no room for perceiving overlap or flux or overflow. Complex historical phenomena are pressed into restrictive conceptual categories. For instance, when the Imperia
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