Lumen Gentium, arguably the most significant document to emerge from Vatican II in 1964, symbolizes a new turn in Catholicism, changing the way the Catholic Church views itself and its relationship to its world. Throughout Lumen Gentium, phrases such as "proclaiming... to every creature," "all men," and "unity of the whole human race" dominate the several-paged document, proclaiming the new view of the Church's universality to all of humanity.
             In stark contrast to the Baltimore Catechism, where stringent guidelines defined who belonged to the Church and who did not, Lumen Gentium embraces all those of the Church who share the commonality of baptism and communion. This idea of universality is well-stated in the following excerpt from Lumen Gentium's article 13:
             All men are called to be part of this Catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. And there belong to or are related to it in various ways, the Catholic faithful, all who believe in Christ, and indeed the whole of mankind, for all men are called by the grace of God to salvation.
             The first sentence in the above excerpt puts forth the notion that all men who "promot[e] universal peace" give way to a pre-destined Catholic unification. "Universal peace" describes the recognition of others of differing races and faith, which most likely uses the kind acts of Jesus Christ as models. In John 6:11, Jesus miraculously fed a small sum of loaves and fish to 5,000 famished gentiles. Moreover, in article 13 of the Lumen Gentium, it is stated that "he who dwells in Rome knows that the people of India are his members" of the same kingdom of God. In order for the person in Rome to consider a person in India, it must be assumed that "in the beginning, God made [all] human [beings as] one," which gives rise to the premise that "all men ... belong to the new people o...