at induce stress. It is found that stressors for rescue personnel will vary for different types of disaster. For military and fireground environments, the stressors for decision makers have been shown to be time pressure, potencial threat, workload, and environmental conditions such as noise and weather (Flin, 1997, pg 103).
             Weiseath (1987) cited in Flin (2004, pg 53) highlighted the following causes of stress for leaders of rescue personnel in crises situations:
             • Serious threat to important values and goals, life, health, environment;
             • Danger and fear for one's own life;
             • Fear of failure-catastrophic consequences of failing to solve the crisis;
             • Having reduced ability to be effective-less control over consequences;
             • Rapid changes requiring continuing assessments;
             • Time pressure which is not always accurate;
             • Insecurity-regarding assessment of the situation and solutions;
             • Little information-or information overload;
             ...