of the various contributions made by the early management theorists like Taylor, Fayol and Mayo and those others that followed their line of reasoning, today's managers are better able to look to the future and make their respective management decisions with a firm knowledge base of what methods have been attempted, what methods have been successful and how the culture and spirit of the time effected the evolution of the management process.
             Of all the theories that have been developed over the many years, the human relations movement and systems theory would be of most relevance to modern organisations and managers today. The human relations movement saw the introduction of what is known in today's management circles as human resource management, which incorporates those management functions concerned with attracting, maintaining and developing those people in the employment relationship. Without a strong employment relationship, modern organisations and their managers would not be able to function efficiently. The systems theory approach on the other hand is based on the idea that organisations can be viewed as systems and for the past 20 to 30 years has been advocated as an approach that will accommodate and gain the best from all past approaches to management. This theory illustrates the importance of a modern organisation combining working as a team, system or unit. All areas within the organisation need to work together in order to operate effectively and efficiently.
             The human relations movement stemmed from the earlier research in the Hawthorne studies. Despite there being many criticisms of the studies, the Hawthorne research set the stage from great interest in the organisations social
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