lost not only its best people but, along with them, their special know-how and expertise. It has also been noted that employee uncertainty and fear, can paralyse operations and lead to a significant decline in trust and motivation, affecting the company's overall productivity (Brockner, 1987).
             Organizations have seen the negative affects of downsizing. Morale suffers, which equates to lower productivity and profits for the organization. Dawkins & Littler (2001) discusses how managers complained of the "morale-sapping" character of most downsizing and described how low morale "created anxiety and paralysis within their companies to the subsequent detriment of productivity"( Dawkins & Littler 2001, p. 32). Dawkins & Littler (2001) found that a 10 percent reduction in personnel resulted in only a 1.5 percent reduction in costs. Their research also found that the employee trust and empowerment were shattered after the downsizing. This caused the employees left after the downsizing to show less init
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