-Steady population increase in Urban Area.
             -3rd most urbanized country (Australia)=86% leaving in Urban by the end of century
             -This trend resulted in the need for Urban planning so that it can have high level of livability
             -Urban Planning: Provision of inflasture(meaning the basic framework that support the operation of an Urban/rural area)
             -This includes: water supplies, sewerage and drainage systems.
             -Transport and communication services, education and health facilities parks and recreation areas.
             -Planning-increase demands for a high level of sustainability
             -3 broad processes occur as park of urbanization: Re-urbanisation, Suburbnisation and Exurbanisation.
             -Development of existing urban areas with new building and improved infrastructure
             -Constantly taking place to replace with new building and improve infrastructure
             -Re-urbanisation keeps in taking place in expanding urban areas
             -Re-urbanisation involves the improvement of existing infrastructure to allow a more intensive use of land while retaining existing infrastructure
             -People can expect continuous of re-urbanisation with the development of high density having in the inner city area.
             -Suburbanisation is the growth of residential districts near to or on the outskirts of towns/cities.
             -Suburbanisation sprawl required the extensive building of infrastructure to meet the needs of low-density housing and commercial development
             -An alternative to suburban sprawl is the urban village
             -Exurbanisation- Strategy where existing towns within 100km if major city are provided with a fast rail service
             -This requires major development often infrastructure mainly transporting router
             -It is difficult for urban planners to design urban area wit high degree of livability
             -The planner has made mistakes in the past
             ...