nt (Heslin). Participation resides at all levels of various organizations, such as the front line Restaurant General Managers at YUM! and the C-level executives of Roadway participating in an Appreciative Inquiry initiative. We have realized these efforts are a way of effectively enlisting buy-in and emotional commitment (Theory O), versus a mere compliance effort in performance improvement initiatives (Beer/Nohria). This empowerment carries on after initiatives are implemented through activating and training of the next generation of change agents (Kanter). Upward feedback also is an extremely powerful mechanism for being tuned-in to the effectiveness of one's leadership practices. By allowing "subordinates" to participate and provide valuable feedback regarding their leader's abilities, provides a unique perspective and very constructive insight for their supervisor.
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