ser operation. Email viruses usually come in the form of an attachment to an email and, if opened, can rake havoc to the computer system, as well as spread through the user's address book. [22] The other type of virus is usually downloaded via a website or a hacker and sometimes has the same destructive forces as an email virus. [22]
             Spam, also known as junk mail, is useless advertising email. [2] Advertisers buy a database of email addresses from a large dotcoms and then start to send advertisements and offers ruthlessly. The main disadvantage of spam email is that it decreases employee productivity in an organization. Cleverly titled, spam email trick employees into thinking that the contents of the email are of value, and prompts them to waste precious, otherwise productive, time in reading useless junk. [2]
             Cookies are small text files that contain user habits in viewing certain websites. [21] Cookies started off as being a useful tool in speeding the user's browsing process; however, they became sources of data for spy ware, and have also become hiding places for certain malicious viruses. [21]
             PHISH scams are the latest trend in online fraud and identity theft. PHISH scams come in the form of vital emails concerning a user's account from a certain establishment, like a bank or a credit card company, and prompt the user to download certain malicious programs, like Trojans or key loggers. [14] These programs in turn collect all the critical information, like passwords, usernames, and account numbers, and sends them right back to scammer. [14] PHISH scammers develop fake websites and forge legitimate emails in order to fool users into believing the authenticity of the PHISH email. [14] PHISH scams have intended an estimated 33 million dollars in fraud in the period between July and December of 2004. [2] The level of perfection that PHISH sc
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