ing to psychologists Vicki Bruce and Andrew Young). Episodic memories are those that relate to a particular location at a particular time, specific to one event. HM's inability to form new semantic memories manifested through an inability to detail specific post-operative events, such as what he ate for lunch. However, HM could still form implicit long-term memories. Encompassed in implicit long-term memory is the procedural memory, the unconscious memory of skills needed to undertake a task. HM's ability to form new procedural memories was demonstrated practicing a star drawing test, where consolidation of skills led to progressive improvement. HM's short-term memory remained intact. Short term memory is the cognitive capacity to hold small amounts of information in mind for a sh
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