are unmatched by the other angels. As a
result of this status, Lucifer is highly regarded by God, "Satan, so call him now, his
former name/ Is heard no more in heav'n; he of the first, If not the first Archangel, great
in power/ In favor and pre-eminence" (Milton,IV.558-560). The authority and power he
formerly held in heaven is further illustrated when it is stated that Satan is no longer
called his onetime angelic name, Lucifer. Lucifer means "light-bearer", a meaning that
creates allusions of grandeur and the ability to "light" the way for others, or provide
leadership for other angels(Paradise Lost: Milton's Long Epic). In fact, according to
Stella Revard, leadership over inferior angels is one of Satan's roles in heaven:
In Heaven Milton first and foremost shows us Satan not as the most
beautiful, but as the most powerful of the angels. He describes him as
potentate with great name and high degree, whose angels obey his
superior voice without demur. He is the one whose power easily
conveys one third of God's angels away from God ( Revard, 200).
The fact that all other angels are subordinate to Satan and obey his orders just as they
would God's displays his unmatched power. We finally see an entity under God with
higher ranking and more power, however, with the arrival of Christ.
(Paradise Lost: Milton's Long Epic).
Jesus was willing to give his life for man's salvation and as a result is raised above his
fellow angels, "Second to thee, offered himself to die/ For man's offense. O unexampled
love/ Love nowhere to be found less divine!" (Milton IV.409-411). Satan is still a
high-ranking angel at this point, but he was accustomed to being second under God.
Therefore he resents Christ's high status and his initial feelings on the matter are ones of
envy and revenge (Milton, 1.35). This event, the lowering of Satan's position in Heaven,
becomes a key po...