The essays "Learning to See" by Samuel Scudder and "Learning to Read" by Malcolm X, both described transformational experiences. There are several similarities and differences between Malcolm X and Scudder's transformational experiences.
             Both transformation essays involved changes in the characters' attitudes. In "Learning to See," Scudder hated the odor from his specimen (a haemulon in a yellow alcohol-filled jar). But toward the end of his research on the specimen, what was once an odor "had become a pleasant perfume." And in "Learning to see," Malcolm X first viewed reading to be something impossible, as if he were reading words "in Chinese." But as soon as he learned more words, he found reading to be the joy of his life, spending countless hours on reading and fully understanding the material.
             The use of tools was a major aid in helping Malcolm X and Scudder through the problems they encounter in their transformation process. To further improve Scudder's observation of the haemulon, he used a pencil to draw out the details of the fish. Malcolm X also used a pencil to copy the vocabulary from the dictionary to improve his handwriting, which also improved his vocabulary.
             While acquiring new skills, both Scudder and Malcolm X were laying a foundation for their future studies. As stated by Scudder, "what I had gained by this outside experience has been of greater value than years of later investigation." With Malcolm X it is obvious that his future was built on the vocabulary he learned; otherwise it would have been difficult for him to read and gain knowledge for his later speeches.
             Malcolm X's transformational experience occurred without the help of other people, while Scudder received aid. Malcolm X went through his transformatio
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