ions or industries, for those with below average education, and for some other groups in the labor force.
             The third form of unemployment is cyclical unemployment. Cyclical unemployment results from a general lack of demand for labor. When the business cycle turns downward, demand for goods and services drops. Consequently workers are laid off.7 In the 19th century, the United States experienced depressions roughly every twenty years. A long and severe depression occurred in the 1890's, when unemployment reached about 18 percent of the civilian labor force, and four less severe depressions occurred in the first quarter of the twentieth century. The worst depression in US History was in the 1930's. At its height, one worker in four was unemployed, and some remained out of work for years.8 In industrialized countries, with unemployment insurance and other forms of income maintenance, unemployment does not cause as great a hardship as it once did. Measures to stabilize the economy have made economic downturns briefer and less severe.
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