ed entirely to that field, which he had named psychoanalysis in 1896 (Jung). The work was presented in 1893 in a preliminary paper and two years later in an expanded form under the title "Studies on Hysteria" (Appignanesi). In this work, the symptoms of hysteria were ascribed to manifestations of undischarged emotional energy associated with forgotten psychic traumas (Freud). The therapeutic procedure involved the use of a hypnotic state in which the patient was led to recall and reenact the traumatic experience, which could help solve the problem (Freud). The publication of this work marked the beginning of psychoanalytic theory formulated on the basis of clinical observations.
             During the period from 1895 to 1900 Freud developed many of the concepts that were later incorporated into psychoanalytic practice and doctrine (Jung). Soon after publishing the studies on hysteria he abandoned the use of hypnosis as a cathartic procedure and substituted the investigation of the patient's spontaneous flow of thoughts, called free association, to reveal the unconscious mental processes at the root of the neurotic disturbance ("Freud Archives").
             This method encouraged the patient to express any random thoughts that came to the mind, which promoted a "stream of consciousness" that helped tap into the unconsciousness (Freud).
             The material that the patient said in this stream of consciousness was a link to the ideas of the unconscious mind that was normally hidden, forgotten or "unavailable to conscious reflection" (Freud). Unlike his companion Charcot, Freud believed that based on his clinical studies, some mental disorders like hysteria were based on sexual manner. For example, Freud linked "the etiology of neurotic symptoms to the same struggle between a sexual feeling or urge and the psychic defenses against it" (Gay). He felt that being able to talk about such problems were cr...