Surprise can come in so many ways such as the one found in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" and Guy De Maupassant's "The Necklace". These authors use irony and other literary elements throughout the story in their own deceptive way. The points of view, situations, and titles all contribute to the irony in the stories. These elements are all equally important to the irony and without them the story would not have been as interesting as it was. If these were not included then the story would not be the same and would not keep the readers' interest.
             The irony in the "The Lottery" begins when you first read the title of the story the reader may think that someone is going to win something. In actuality when the reader gets to the end of the story, he finds just the opposite to be true. Jackson shows this fateful day as if it is any other summer day. Jackson foreshadows the events to come by writing: "School was recently over for the summer . . . Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his example, selecting the smoothest and roundest stones; . . . eventually made a pile of stones in one corner of the square and guarded it against the raids of other boys." The reader is lead into thinking that the kids are just collecting stones because that is what kids do. This example of what seem as innocence sets the reader up for an even bigger surprise.
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