English is a language that is constantly evolving and changing with the times. According
to George Orwell, this evolution of the English language is full of bad habits which are spread by
imitation and which are leading to the general collapse of English. This bad English is caused by
various mental vices which lead to bad writing that is vague that and lacks precision. These mental
vices include the use of dying metaphors, pretentious diction, and meaningless words. The
combination of these mental vices give Modern English a certain staleness of imagery and lack of
While a good metaphor assists an author by evoking a visual image in the reader,
"dying"metaphors that are too commonly used can lose their vividness. For example, in an article
for the Ottawa Citizen, Dan Leeth described the landscape of the Grand Canyon as vast
emptiness", a metaphor that has lost it's effect on the reader due to the fact that it is used too
frequently in Modern English. Another way that a metaphor can lose it's effect on the reader is
when it is manipulated by the author and twisted out of context. For example, in another article,
Randall Denley, speaks of the unions and their "kangaroo courts", a metaphor that is commonly
used without any knowledge of it's meaning. In another article, metaphors like "His voice
thunders..." and "...taken the theater scene by storm" are too frequently used just because the
author lacks the imagination to make one up for himself, a common problem in Modern English.
The use of dying metaphors could be avoided if writers would just take the time and trouble to
make up a new metaphor for themselves.
The use of pretentious diction is probably the most prevalent mental vice used in writings
today. Author feel the need to dress up simple statements with unnecessary words to make their
sentences appear more intelligent....