to be exculpated to refuse was to prove oneself guilty. And to take the Fifth Amendment, the right to silence under grounds of self-incrimination, was to deepen the miasma of suspicion around you .
             When HUAC cited ten Hollywood writers and directors with contempt of congress for taking the Fifth Amendment the Hollywood Ten trials had begun. The daily media were outspoken in their criticism of the Committee's purpose and methods of holding these ten men in contempt. About a week later a cold war congress voted overwhelmingly to uphold the contempt citations . The Hollywood ten included Ring Lardner Jr, Albert Maltz, Lester Cole, Adrian Scott, Herbert Biberman, Dalton Trumbo, John Howard Lawson, Alvah Bessie, Samual Ornitz and Edward Dmytryk. They served prison terms of up to one year for refusing to name communists and for their political beliefs.
             The trial of the Hollywood Ten indicates that anticommunism was rife in all aspects of society. And that no one, no matter how high up the social strata, would be spared the harsh que
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