Argentina is second largest in area and fourth largest in population in Latin
America. Argentina covers more than 1 million square miles. The official language of
Argentina is Spanish. More than 90% of the population is Roman Catholic.
The Argentine landscape slopes downward from the Andes Mountains in the west
to the Atlantic coast in the East. The border with Chile follows the crest of the Andes.
In the Andes, heights of peaks range anywhere from more than 20,000 feet in the north to
less than 5,000 feet in Tierra del Fuego at the southern tip of the continent. South
America's highest mountain is in the Andes, Mt. Aconcagua, which is 22,831 feet in
Eastward from the northern Andes lies an arid plateau called Gran Chaco. It is a
region of scrub woodland mixed with grassy savannas. Further east is the region called
Mesopotamia. Gran Chaco and Mesopotamia together form the Northeast region of the
Argentine Republic. In the next region to the south is the Pampa, a low, flat plain
interrupted only by low hills or sierras. The pampas, or plains, are the homeland of the
South of the Colorado River is Patagonia, the largest region of Argentina. It
extends from the Pampa to the Tierra del Fuego and was named in 1520 by the
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan while he was sailing on his trip around the
world. The climate in this area is dry and windy.
Argentina has always been one of the most prosperous Latin American countries.
Unlike most of its neighbors, the country has developed a strong manufacturing industry.
they have become less dependent on agriculture. Today, Argentina is largely
self-sufficient in consumer goods. However, in the late 20th century, the Argentine
economy suffered from severe inflation like th
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