sion of the masses. As such, the Reformist argument is that the congregation became a part of an empty ritual. Taught when to kneel and when to stand and what to say without actually understanding same. The laity were advised that understanding was not important, that actions were paramount5. For the Reformist, such ceremony become fraud and was deemed illusory6.
             Various Reformists throughout time have argued that the Last Supper has been misinterpreted. Andreas Karlstadt has argued that when Jesus said "this is my body" he was not referring to the piece of bread in his hands but rather was pointing to his actual body. Ulrich Zwingli argued that when Jesus said "this is my body" the use of 'is' was actually equivalent to the term 'signifies' and thus meant that the bread served to signify his body7. Interpreting the Last Supper as above mentioned served to rid the event and strip the event of much of its spiritual and miraculous character, thus rationalising the Last Supper and shifting its significance from being a miracle, to being
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