oung elementary school children primarily envolves aggressive behavior such as kicking, hitting, spitting, or name calling. As children grow older, behavior becomes more serious, characterized by bullying and physical fighting. Aggressive or violent young adults may engage in assault against other students and staff, sexual harassment, gang activity, or weapon carrying. The term school crime has also been used to define different types of criminal behavior at school, including theft, property offenses, and vandalism (Goldstein, Apter, & Hartoonunian, 1984). Others define school violence as conflict between students and teachers, or as activities that cause suspensions and disciplinary contacts or detentions. Studies of school violence have variously used such terms as aggression, conf
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