es, long before Darwin published any of his theories. The question was,
             How did evolution occur? The reason Darwin is a household name is because he
             proposed a viable mechanism for evolution, natural selection.
             Here is how natural selection works: In any population there will be variations.
             Individuals born with certain characteristics like strong legs, keen eyesight, or
             camouflage, will enjoy an advantage over their peers. If these individuals can pass
             these traits on to their offspring, their offspring will enjoy the same advantages. If the
             surrounding environment gradually changes, it may come to pass that the new
             characteristics are more favorable than the old, for instance, a new color will make a
             better camouflage. As the environment changes, individuals with the new
             characteristics will fare better, live longer, and produce more offspring until eventually
             the population looks totally different form the original version (Descent of Man, 210+).
             When the population changes enough to satisfy some taxonomist, it will be classified
             as a new species. In other words, new species arise when the environment favors new
             characteristics over old ones (The Origin Of Species, 107+).
             What sounds pretty simple was in fact very controversial for Darwin's time, and
             still is in many parts of the Western world. What his theory basically stated is that life
             on earth is simply the result of billions of years of adaptations to changing
             environments. What this theory implied, and what Darwin stated more clearly in his
             book The Descent of Man, is that humans, like every organism on earth, were the result
             When animals that live in fresh or salt water die, their remains settle to the
             bottom. After a period of time, these remains can be covered by mud and sediment.
             After many thousands or even millions of years these remains can become fossilized.
             The space they occupied in the sedimentary layers t...