ng examples heard of is practiced in the area of Burkina Faso. In this example the mothers of these daughters gather them into groups of 20; they get into a line and the first child is cut, then the person performing the surgery wipes the blade with a dirty clothe, and cuts the next child, wipes the knife and cuts the next, and so on until all the girls have been circumcised.(Religious Tolerance.org) Immediate side effects and implications of this practice include severe pain, shock, hemorrhage, urine retention, ulceration of the genital region and injury to adjacent tissue. Hemorrhage and infection can cause death in some circumstances. Also immediate concerns surround the idea of possible transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is mainly because of the same instrument being used for many operations. Long term consequences include cysts and abscesses, keloid scar formation, damage to the urethra resulting in urinary incontinence, dyspareunia, and sexual dysfunction and difficulties with childbirth. Psychosexual and psychological h
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