aesthetic dimension, however, and its lineage back in to an earlier avant-garde, it would be misplaced to replace social activism as a significant of French turn-of-the-century art' . The main pre-occupation of the term avant-garde artists such Pisarro, Signac and Vlamink et al was art in its own right.
             Industrialisation originally occurred in England in the mid-nineteenth century and by the end of the century Germany, Paris, Northern Italy and Russia were all industrialising at a vast rate. Paris had previously attracted artists from America, Russia, Spain, England and Scandinavia and industrialisation prompted many artists to stay or return to their home countries. This meant avant-gardism, that originated in France was spread across Europe and even to America and avant-garde artists were growing up in different places but most importantly under different circumstances. 'The war bought back to the united states all the American artists who were working in Europe. Several of them had figured prominently in the 1914 salon des Independants in Paris; they
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