d musicianship.
A few courtesans were given the highest rank of tayu or oiran and were
treated like royalty. The oiran would compete with one another by modeling heir
fashions throughout the quarters. As time passed, the fashions became more
elaborate with heavier robes, golden embroidery, larger hair and ornate hair pins
The yujo were proud of their profession. The Japanese male of the
seventeenth and eighteenth century would consider sex with wives for procreation,
while sex with a yujo for recreation. Only a small percentage actually had the
freedom, resources, or social standing to enter the pleasure quarters. Those who
were denied access could certainly read of this “floating world” in literature (Dalby
Originally, geisha were all male. They performed in ways considered beneath
the courtesans, as dancers, jesters, drum beaters and shamisen players (Underwood
23). The female entertainers did not appear until 1750. they were called onna
geisha, female geisha. By 1800, all geisha were women (Dalby 56). There was a
fear that they would compete with the yujo for customers and so there were
restrictions on their behavior. Soon they became as regulated as yujo: they couldn’t
leave their quarters and had to register (23).
However, some geisha began to attend unlicensed pleasure quarters. They
took on a new chic called iki. they became trendsetters by influencing the way one
might wrap her kimono, tie an obi, style her hair and even the art of conversation.
Yujo soon were seen as old fashioned, stiff and boring Eventually, yujo lost their
luster and geisha replaced them, which represented the modern times to come in the
nineteenth century of Japan. The nineteenth century, when geisha life peaked, was a
time of political ferment. The new nation of Japan wished to modernize,
industrialize, and even colonize. Geisha became involved with the political rebel...