Before the beginning of history, people from across the land gradually developed numerous cultures, each unique in some ways while the same time having features in common. Mesopotamia and Egypt are important to the history of the world because of religious, social, political and economic development. Mesopotamia was he first civilization, which was around 3000 bc., and all other countries evoloved from it. The period of Egypt was around 3100 bc. Mesopotamia emerged from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egyptian thought that the Nile river was a supremme fertilizer because it brought floods, which afterwards the land was covered in fertile mude. This made the land become more abundantin crops.
             Ancient Egypt was a theocracy. It gave rise to political unification under a king called Pharaoh. The focal point of religious and political life was the Pharaoh in the Kingdom. He commanded wealth, resourses, and people of all Egypt. He was the lord of both upper and lower Egypt. He represents the reconciliation of opposites within himself; and he was both a temporal and spiritual ruler. The Egyptians considered Pharaoh to be a falcon-god Horus in human quality. The Pharaoh has power over all individuals exactly like in Mesopotamia; where the class structure is devided into two classes: the king at the top and then the free commoners
             The religious systems of the ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamians were polytheistic. This means that there were a number of gods in the group, although usually only a few were the focal point of the various myths. Each of the major peoples had their own gods and their own beliefs which embodied the major values in their world. Among the principal gods of Egypt was Re (the god of sun), Osiris (the god of the dead), Amen (king of gods), Khons (god of the moon). In Mesopotamia there was Anu (father of the god), Shamash (god of law), Ishtar (god of love and war), Enlil (god of wind), and many more.
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