es, spanking a child younger than 18 months or past puberty is counterproductive: the infant lacks sufficient capacity to regulate his/her own behavior or to process the care giver's rationale for spanking, whereas the adolescent (in most cultures, although not all) is likely to reject the care giver's use of physical punishment, which the adolescent views as illegitimate and invasive" (Baumrind 1). Consistency in the discipline is another critical step in the use of spanking because the child will become confused with the rules and why they are being enforced if an inconsistency is formed in the discipline. The use of physical puni!
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