Israelis. Improvisation is made inevitable in a situation where problems must be dealt with expediently and on the spur of the moment. Taking into consideration the conflict between the Arabs and the Israelis, improvisation is essential to running administrations. The formal theory such of Max Weber cannot apply since its framework of rules and procedures are to ensure stability, predictability, and reliability of performance; yet, with no stability or predictability in the environment these theories only !
             fall short of their expectations. Rational panning has already been pointed out a century ago by Herbert Simon (1976) to be "bounded" by many factors such as: "skills, habits, and reflexes, va
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