that he laughs because he is unsure of himself. In
the third essay by Griffin the author recounts the few times she remembers her
mother laughing. This would only occur when her mother had first stayed up all
night drinking. In the first essay the laughter is meant to unite, or bring closer,
the researchers to the villagers. By finding fault in the researchers, the Balinese
people can admit that they are fallible, and the can accept them into their
The people of Bali show that even within their rigged culture there is room for
joy. This is expressed only at certain times, and in a certain manner, but it is
tolerated. On the other hand, when the narrator of the second essay laughs, it is
because he himself realizes his own fallibility, and is disconcerted by it. With the
act of laughing, he is able to push away other people and keep himself safe from
ridicule. It is a defense mechanism that the cu
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