Gallipoli
             How it was Lost
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
             Mike Nevin
             Ms. Petersen
             World Civ.
             1/30/99
             Period-4
            
            
            
            
             As nineteen-fourteen came to a close the western front had quieted down to trench
             warfare, and in the east the Russians had suffered two great military defeats. Facing
             another cold winter Russia cried for help, they wanted the English and French to attack
             the Dardanelles on another front. The Allies began the attack at Gallipoli, but the Allies
             failed in their attempts and withdrew from the area in early December. The Gallipoli
             campaign came to an end with many losses and little to nothing accomplished. The
             Gallipoli campaign was marked as the biggest blunder in military history from the side of
             the Allies. The Allies failed at Gallipoli because of bad planning, command mistakes,
             terrain, weather, disease, bad communication, lack of supplies, and living conditions.
             Located in the Dardanelles was Constantinople, the capitol of the Ottoman
             Empire. The Turks blocked the only route to the Black Sea. The Black sea is where the
             only Russian ports were that were not frozen over by the winter cold. In March of
             nineteen-fifteen the Allied navy began to advance on the Dardanelles from the western
             side. Despite many setbacks one of which was bad weather, the Allied navy quickly
             destroyed the outer defenses. After clearing most of the mines the fleet continued
             further up the straits. Then the fleet hit unknown mines and gun emplacements. They lost
             several ships and they retreated back to the Aegean. It was then decided that it would
             take a combined land and sea attack to force the Dardanelles. In March of 1915, Sir Ian
             Hamilton was made head of the Allied land expeditionary force, that was formed to
             capture the peninsula of Gallipoli. An expeditionary force under Sir Ian Hamilton,
             landed on the beaches of Gallipoli on Apr...