ctured society; however, by increasing government spending the country¡s economic crisis intensified (Mandelbaum 44). Gorbachev also released hundreds of human rights activists and political prisoners who returned home to rebuild national rights organization that were inspired by the repression they endured during the Brezhnev era (Diuk and Karatnycky 7).
             These were huge changes in a country whose sole employer was the state. The state controlled the work force and all means of production and owned all the country¡s natural resources, as private-ownership and control was not allowed. However, Gorbachev¡s changes did not please the conservatives, nor the radicals. Perestroika weakened both the political and economic system and helped tear down Soviet communism. As the republican governments of the states and enterprises gained more power, they refused to send income to Moscow. Gorbachev even tried pouring money into investments and tried to buy public support with wage increases and by imposing greater discipline on the work force. Nevertheless, in 1986, the USSR economy was in a state of crisis and people were fighting over the politics.
             Gorbachev recognized that the real crisis of the USSR was the crisis of statehood (Gosudarstvennost). The severe economic imbalance, inefficient bureaucracy, nepotism, and denial of human freedom caused the collapse of the USSR (Colton, Legvold 94). Also, Gorbachev¡s inadequate efforts to crack down on the dissident Soviet ethnic groups failed. The result of his erratic, confusing, zigzagging was the putsch of August 1991, the collapse of Soviet Union. Therefore, on December 1, 1991, all union agencies were ended, the internationalization of Soviet politics was recognized and the USSR ceased to exist (Colton, Legvold 94).
             The overthrow of Mikhail Gorbachev made Boris Yeltsin the first democratic president in June 1991. Since Yeltsin gained military and public support after he su...