ral, told Americans that, "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
             In the response to the Great Depression Roosevelt created the New Deal for American people. The New Deal was simply a series of reconstruct programs, which brought American
             society closer to their government than ever before. The New Deal's social programs reflected a change in American way of life created by the hardships of the depression era.
             The first priority of the new administration was to restore the confidence of Americans in
             themselves and the economy and to instill hope. Of the approximately 9,000 banks, which failed after 1929, 4,004 had closed their doors during the first two months of 1933. (Watkins, 1993, pg. 55). (Picture. 1)
             The first Hundred Days- the first days of New Deal, were largely spent on confidence measures, the passage of emergency banking legislation and what Donovan (1985) called "a series of rapid fire and ad hoc assaults on a variety of problems strewn across the Depression landscape" (pg. 252). Legislation was passed and new agencies were rapidly set up to regulate financial markets, public utilities and communications. The United States went off the gold standard, a sign of its intense domestic focus.
             The administration had no coherent plan. FDR said that "the country needs . . . bold, persistent experimentation" (Burg, 1996, pg. 147). Both Roosevelt and the Congress of the United States, in trying to reduce unemployment and restore prosperity, endorsed a wide spectrum of new federal programs and agencies, most popularly identified by acronym titles. Roosevelt, a skillful political leader, helped win support for an unprecedented array of new services, regulations, and subsidies. Yet no single political philosophy or set of rational goals ever unified these disparate programs, most of which he developed with the aid of an informal group of advisers known as the Brain Trust. His original Brain Trust s...