El Niño and La Niña are characterized by having unusually higher or lower ocean temperatures that have important consequences on weather around the world. El Niño is a warm disruption of the ocean atmosphere in the tropical Pacific. While La Niña is unusually cold temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific that inducts irregular temperatures.
            
             Both have different consequences that effect our regular atmospheric conditions. El Niño is known to increase precipitation in the Southern tier of the US and Peru. This often causes devastating flooding, drought in the West Pacific, and is sometimes connected with Australia. Causing brush fires. In El Niño years, temperatures in the winter are often warmer than usual in the North Central States, and cooler than normal in the Southeast and Southwest. A La Niña year causes winter temperatures in the Southeast to be warmer and cooler than normal in the Northwest.
            
             The shift from El Niño conditions to La Niña and back again takes about four years. Understanding this irregular oscillation and its consequences for global climate has become possible only in recent decades as scientists began to unravel the intricate relationship between ocean and atmosphere. Although meteorologists have long been forecasting daily weather based on atmospheric measurements taken around the world, they had relatively little information about conditions in many parts of the world's oceans until the advent of arrays of fixed unmanned mid-ocean buoys(which evaluates temperatures, winds and currents in the equatorial band) in the Pacific Ocean and orbiting satellites. These are essential for the predictions of the climate variations.
            
             The name "El Niño" is actually shorthand for what weather forcasters and scientists call the "El Niño-Southern Oscillation" or ENSO. Although it is said to be spanish for "the Christ child", and that it originally came...