community separated. Thereafter physicians, artists, and sculptors who wanted to chart human anatomy were forced to work secretly and in fear of death. This threat of death for human experimentors prompted doctors to turn to animals for their experiments to cure diseases (McCoy, 17).
             Even though the law against human study has long since been revoked, many scientists and physicians today still feel animal experimentation is necessary. These scientist believe medical advancements depend on animal research. To develop vaccines, cures, and treatments safely requires animal testing groups. Animal studies have resulted in vaccines for tetanus, and scarlet fever; insulin for diabetes; and antibiotics to fight infections. "There's not yet a perfect replacement for animal research. Right now, all experiments save lives" (Monagle, 20).
             Since there is no "perfect replacement," animals are believed to be our best source to test new medicines designed to cure illness. With animals, scientists can see how an entire vital body reacts to a certain drug. Looking only at how one cell or tissue sample behaves is not enough to fully understand a drug compound's capabilities. The living body is much more than just a collection of parts; scientists need to understand how the body system interacts. Also, an animal is needed to mimic the development and birth of a baby. The reactions of a baby in a womb cannot be simulated in a tube. These tests need to be conducted on a living animal ("Understanding").
             Humans are very similar to their animal relatives, making animal testing data very reliable. All mammals have the same organs - heart, lungs, kidney, liver etc. - performing the same functions and controlled by the same mechanisms, through the blood stream and nervous system. Under the section "Animal Disease," common to man and animals, Encyclopedia Britannica states, ". . . it is likely that...