ge or stress resulting from automobile use. (Delucchi 1997: 139)
             In addition to these specific social costs, the automobile also has a serious impact on our environment and our health. Michael Eric Bronner argues that the seriousness of the automobiles' impact on our lives is intensified by its increasingly rapid rate of expansion. He notes that between 1960 and 1980 while US population increased by 26%, the auto
             population grew by nearly 100%, or to one car for every two persons. (Bronner 1997: 492) These rapid increases in automobile population have not been without consequences to human health and the environment as "the automobile is a toxic machine whose emissions indeed kill many of us, though we often fail to make a solid connection." (Bronner 1997:
             The four primary types of automobile emissions that are causing infections,
             breathing problems, and death in humans and other animals are carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and tropospheric ozone (O3). Bronner notes that CO is primarily caused by the incomplete combustion of fuel in engines, which commonly causes dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, and impaired coordination in busy
             intersections, in cities and along the highway. (Bronner 1997: 496) HC are also produced from incomplete combustion and through wearing tires, and these molecules react with sunlight
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