ing an artificial vagina. The first commercial use of artificial insemination took place in 1954 when Waterloo Cattle Breeders in Canada implemented AI to their breeding program. Liquid nitrogen was first used to freeze semen in 1957, while the first Sire Summaries were published by the USDA in 1961. Today Artificial Insemination is gaining unimaginable popularity with beef producer who wish to gain an economic advantage in today's beef market.
             A main advantage of an Artificial Insemination breeding program is that it allows for a beef producer to take advantage of superior genetics without spending thousands of dollars in production and management costs. There are many other advantages in AI as well. The creation of an artificial insemination breeding program can result in a rapid improvement in the economically important traits of calving ease, growth rate, maternal ability, and carcass quality within a herd. It gives a producer the ability to control the direction of their breeding program by mating specific sires to individual cows at his or her discretion. For those in cow-calf operations, A.I. can allow for more flexibility in a beef crossbreeding program. AI eliminates crossbreeding problems of separate breedi
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