xplicitly the consequence of explaining behavior internally, but hints at them heavy-handedly. Littman begins by stating that current (1958) theory puts too much "beneath the skin." Again, because behavior cannot be fully explained externally, the explanations are placed 'inside' where we are not as sure about how things work. He claims that the inside is manufactured: actually a product of collected invented terms.
             This simple act, of course, does not make any explanation correct. Take a Christmas present for example. A child shakes it and hears a metallic tinkling sound. He theorizes that it must contain a toy train. The child does not actually know the contents of the package. If he expects a train when he opens it, but in reality finds broken glass, he will be sorely disappointed.
             Theorists set themselves up for this sort of disappointment when searching for internal causes of psychological phenom
             ...