rk ethic" in that era, let alone the thought that manual activity could be a source for fulfillment. The Hebrews looked upon work as painful labor to which man was condemned by sin. In ancient Christianity, work was seen as punishment but also served as the unknown ends of charity, health of the body and soul, and warding off the evil thoughts of idleness. But work, being of this world, was of no worth in itself (Mills, 1951, pg. 216). Luther (1483-1546) first established in the modern mind that work was 'the base and key to life' and that idleness is an unnatural and evil evasion.
             "To maintain oneself by work is a way of serving God" (Mills, 1951). Calvin, (1509-64) argued for a new direction of religious energy away from thought and towards w
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