adopting a more limited definition of politics. Only those power relations that take place in public realm can legitimately be associated with the use of force in its most naked, punitive forms. Compulsion, punishment, and violence do of course take place in all sorts of social settings. It is clear, however, that only the public authorities – the state – have the legitimate right to back up their decisions with the full power of society. All other power relations are more limited than this. The reason for this difference is that the state is the only institution that can reasonably claim to speak and act on behalf of the entire community, and its unique function is to ensure the conditions for some degree of social order. This social order is a necessary condition for all other social activities, for without it there is no peaceful basis for reconciling conflicts in society.
             Power is the ability to influence what happens. It is found in all sorts of settings, not simply political ones. When Microsoft uses its dominant market position in computer operating systems to compel PC manufacturers to integrate its Internet browser into their computers, that is power. When the Vatican issues an official proclamation on birth control or the ordination of women, elements within the Roman Catholic Church respond. The Vatican has power within the community of Roman Catholics. And when a peaceful demonstration of citizens outside the headquarters of a corporation, or in front of the legislature, changes the be
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