ath of these cells causes an interruption of the
electrochemical signals between neurons that are a key to cognitive as well as bodily
functioning. Currently Alzheimer's disease can only be confirmed at autopsy. After death
the examined brain of an Alzheimer victim shows two distinct characteristics. The first is
the presence of neurotic plaques in the cerebral cortex and other areas of the brain
including cerebral blood vessels. These plaques consist of groups of neurons surrounded
by deposits of beta-amyloid protein. The presence of these plaques is also common to
other types of dementia. The second characteristic, neurofibliary tangles, is what separates
Alzheimer's disease from all other forms of dementia. Neurofibliary tangles take place
within the disconnected brain cells themselves. When examined under a microscope,
diseased cells appear to contain spaghetti-like tangles of normally straight nerve fibers.
The presence of these tangles was first discovered in 1906 by the German neurologist
Alois Alzheimer, hence the name Alzheimer's disease. Although the characteristics listed
above are crucial to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease upon death, the clinical diagnosis
involves a different process. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is only made after all
other illnesses, which may have the same symptoms, are ruled out. The initial symptoms of
Alzheimer's disease are typical of other treatable diseases. Therefore doctors are hesitant
to give the diagnosis of Alzheimer's in order to save the patient from the worsening of a
treatable disease through a misdiagnosis. Some of the initial symptoms include an
increased memory loss, changes in mood, personality, and behavior, (symptoms that are
common in depression) prescription drug conflict, brain tumors, syphilis, alcoholism, other
types of dementia, and many other conditions. The onset of these symptoms usually brin...