Mary, 88 is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of dehydration and malnutrition. The staff learns that she lives with her son and hasn't had any health care in 10 years. When they assess Mary, they note that she has difficulty seeing, even with her glasses, and she can't hear well. She admits that her eyeglasses are old and that her son hates "wasting money on stuff like that". Could Mary be a victim of abuse?"
             Elder abuse can occur at any place at home or in resident's facility at the hands of family members or caregiver. There are four types of abuse.
             Neglect, which occurs when a caregiver fails to provide an older person with adequate food, clothing, shelter, medical care, or assistance with daily activities
             Emotional abuse, which is the willful affliction of anguish through threats, intimidation, humiliation and isolation, is involved with 30% of the cases.
             Financial abuse is the misuse of someone's property and resources by another person.
             Physical abuse, the use of physical force that results in pain. Impairment, or bodily injury. Hitting, slapping, restraining, biting, burning, pushing, or pulling all qualify as physical abuse.
             It is suggested that about 10% of older adults are victims of abuse. "At age 88 and depending on her son for her physical needs, Mary has several risk factors. Women over 80, who need partial or total assistance with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, and meal preparation, are the likeliest victims.
             Indicators of physical abuse can be: Multiple injuries in various stages of healing, multiple fractures in various stages of healing. Injuries in the "bathing suit" zone, like trunk, abdomen, genitalia, buttocks and upper thighs, or tooth fractures, burns to the soles, palms or buttocks. Sprains or dislocations caused by pulling or pushing.
             Indicators of neglect are: Deterioration of healt
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