ansient nature of speech makes it difficult to engage in any complex planning. When engaged in conversation the ability to 'think on one's feet' is essential. Although more formal forms of speech such as speeches and lectures are often planned, this form of planning takes place in a written form, rather than an oral one.
             This pressure to think whilst talking means that looser grammatical constructions are used in the spoken word. It is often difficult to tell when one sentence stops and another begins. The face-to-face nature of most speech means the use of extra-verbal communication, such as the interpretation of posture and facial expression can be made. Interestingly, many people find it uncomfortable to speak on the phone, to someone they do not know, as they have no visual clues to draw from, and have only the person's voice to take cues from. Speech is vague. Often the speaker will use none specific language that relates directly to the situation for example " that one there" or "this one here".
             Some words used in informal speech have no set spelling, and therefore are very difficult to express in writing, for example "/wotsisneIm/" which can only be accurately expressed graphically using phonemics or phonetics. This is because these words are usual
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