Descartes begins by trying to simplify his point by using a more basic example of a body to better illustrate his idea. In this case he used the example of wax extracted from a honeycomb. He begins his description of the wax by mentioning different characteristics and attributes of it, such as its color, smell, and characteristics inherited from its basis. He then goes to explain that when heated the wax losses most of these characteristics and attributes but is still considered to be wax even though our senses may argue differently. This lead him to the conclusion that wax can not be known by any of these characteristics but only as a body.
To analyze this statement that wax is seen as a body Descartes takes two characteristics (flexibility, changeability) and proves that each cannot be measured on imagination (since they present limitless possibilities), but on mental perception alone. This leads him to believe that the wax is purely a mental concept, which could either be flawed or confused. He goes on to explain that he can mentally perceive this concept even though it is subject to the deceiving nature of ordinary language. To support this he presents an example in which he 'sees' two people outside of his window even though all he can actually see is their hats and coats. This leads him to the conclusion that you need a human mind to be aware of a bodies existence.
1. Descartes arguments about the body would not have been incorrect if he had decided to use any other example than the wax. A rose and a brick's characteristics could also be changed so that it was not visually a brick or a rose, but still be known as a brick or a rose. Both are bodies not just understood be what is interpreted by your senses they are understood to exist even if presented in a different form. If a rose was whole and then divided into multiple pieces so that its characteristics were changed it would still be considered ...